b. B. self-schema; self-concept C. average These two types of fathers represent John's: B. for Japanese college students, happiness comes with positive social engagement The false consensus effect in social psychology is a cognitive bias in which people overestimate how much others share their beliefs and behaviours. C.rewards and distance ourselves from punishment How does the status of group members impact conformity? It Affects Future Purchases: When you are planning to take a car. The first 19 flips are all heads. If we persist despite initial failures: However . False Uniqueness Effect. What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem quizlet? According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. A. self-esteem Some income from capital is taxed twice. How does the fundamental attribution error (FAE) differ from the actor-observer effect (AOE)? D. illusion of transparency, When we compare ourselves with others, most of us tend to: redirect attention away from the unpleasant thought. C. average C. possible self Sociology is the study of groups of people. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. A. less intelligent than others Both are a direct request. characteristics and abilities. We tend to think that others would agree with us or see things our way. C. exhibit more health problems Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. -consistency, consensus, and distinctiveness. . [1] In social psychology, pluralistic ignorance (also known as a collective illusion) [2] is a phenomenon which occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion than their own. C. we can overcome anything D. 80%; 60%. What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience C. self-efficacy When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people Who is likely to be more disappointed? A. failing to appreciate The false uniqueness effect is the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and successful behaviors. B. This is an example of: Kitayama and Markus (2000) found that, for American students, happiness comes from feeling: Andrew believes that he did well on his Social Psychology test because he studied a lot and is a good student. D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation. B. negative -internal and unstable, external and unstable, The so-called "Sports Illustrated jinx"the tendency for athletes to experience a dip in performance directly after appearing on the cover of Sports Illustratedcan be BEST explained by. C. the competitor as disadvantaged in comparison to us Greg finds out that his application was flat out rejected (he never had a chance), while Marsha finds out that she was the first runner up (she nearly won). This could be an example of: 41%; 90% Credit Solution Experts Incorporated offers quality business credit building services, which includes an easy step-by-step system designed for helping clients build their business credit effortlessly. The essay was always about Castro, but it was either pro-Castro or anti-Castro. -case history informationregardless of whether or not it is the first time they have purchased a car. B. small, non-competitive university The attribution theorist Harold Kelley proposed that people make use of three types of information when they make attributions for others' behaviors. C. possible self B. the corpus collosum A. underestimate C. learned hopelessness D. commit less vandalism, In comparison to young people in the 1960s and 1970s, how do young people in the United States today view themselves? D. self-presentation, After seeing a billboard for the lottery, you imagine a life of the rich and famous for yourself. Wing Tung is reading his textbook for history class. -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. This is MOST directly related to, Raquel buys stock in two different companies. -believe many Mormons collect rare books. A. transparency effect Attribution theory is MOST concerned with, The paradoxical effects of thought suppression have been linked to psychological disorders such as. These shortcuts are known as. Add images, definitions, examples, synonyms, theories, and customize your content to . B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events Carmen's underestimation of how long it would take her to complete her paper is an example of: B. increases She then goes ahead and orders a deluxe chocolate milkshake. That is, it can be __________ in different ways. What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? consistency is perceived to be high, but consensus and distinctiveness are perceived to be low. In making this statement, your friend was most likely guided by. D. an external locus of control, Learning about immune neglect, which statement applies to how most people respond to failing an exam? Introducing Cram Folders! Jacob is taking his psych test. It is the tendency to be unduly optimistic than pessimistic about future life events. Write two or more paragraphs about ways older consumers can protect themselves from sellers who are not fair and honest. The fact that men and women report having had very different numbers of sex partners can be almost completely explained by the fact that men have engaged in more homosexual sex. characteristics and abilities. Given the research on cognitive errors and biases, it can be concluded that. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. B. the self-serving bias. C. spotlight effect Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. how individuals think about social relationships and about other people. The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to _____, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to _____. C. self-esteem Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. False Consensus Effect. Examples of impact bias For example, gaining or loosing a romantic partner, getting or not getting a promotion . The false consensus effect refers to the tendency for people to. A. self-reference 10/17/2017. The ultimate attribution error is similar to the fundamental attribution error except that it refers to attributions that are __________ as opposed to __________. D. nothing, there terms are synonymous, B. narcissists lack an interest in others, According to Myers, we are prone to "impact bias," or _______ the impact of emotion-causing events (such as finding out the results after being tested for HIV). We'll bring you back here when you are done. You look at the restaurant listings in the newspaper and find one that is very expensive. C. fear D. individualism, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. The false consensus effect, or consensus bias, is the social psychological finding that people tend to assume that others agree with them. Our family and friends are more likely to be similar to us and share many of the same beliefs and behaviors. magical thinking. With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" Agreeing to a request is to _____ as obeying a command . commit the base rate fallacy, representativeness heuristic, People tend to attribute their own behaviors to situational factors, but to attribute others' behaviors to dispositional factors. D. submission, Practice that forms new habits, albeit slowly, tends to change what type of attitudes? C. independent Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. Define attitude and how it guides our behavior. B. self-efficacy D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self-doubts will help us succeed, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. D. Jill who lives in Malaysia. A. excel -People use themselves as an "anchor" when judging others. False Uniqueness Effect. carefully and rationally thinks about each and every decision. the tendency. Wilson and Gilbert (2003) referred to this phenomenon as: The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes. answer choices True False Question 4 120 seconds Q. 110.Brian watches smugly as the car ahead of his is pulled over for speeding. the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors. Juanita answers, "I am friendly, a student, and very religious." to underestimate the number of other. That is, both of them seem to be engaging in, Sometimes people blow on dice when playing a board game to make sure they get the numbers they need to advance in the game. The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. D. lower the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments, C. raise the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments, A study by Gilovich, Medvec, and Savitsky (2000) had undergraduate students enter a room wearing Barry Manilow T-shirts. C. large, selective university The teacher is probably trying to. Mark is likely to score _____ on measures of self-esteem and _____ on measures of self-efficacy. -After ordering a cheeseburger for lunch, Dorothy thinks to herself, "well, my diet is already blown for the day; I might as well order a dessert too." Self-serving bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's successes to personal characteristics, and one's failures to factors beyond one's control. C. implicit C. jill's roommate If you made an internal, unstable attribution for Roger's promotion, then you might think to yourself, "Roger probably worked really hard to get that promotion!". But when the individuals were put in a group, the individuals conformed to the majority view/answer, which was clearly incorrect. Research on __________ is concerned with the explanations that people come up with to account for everyday events. B. low self-esteem C. individuality When people believe they can affect the dice by blowing on them they are experiencing the, People are faster to classify the target word "flower" when it is preceded by the word "plant" than when it is preceded by the word "elephant." It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. Which of the following kinds of thinking can help explain the first instinct fallacy? Certain mode of responding, like public, verbal reports, leads to more conformity, whereas secret ballots lead to less conformity. D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. A. high self-esteem A. failure and distance ourselves from success These findings are consistent with a motivational interpretation that emphasizes the individual's need to justify or normalize stigmatized behavior and to bolster perceived self-competence. In other words, she is just beginning. In a recent study, Gentile et al. A. You have created 2 folders. A. liberal Basically, you feel less restraint and you forget about moral values and act spontaneously. false-uniqueness effect. B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, Research has found that when prisoners are given some control over their environments, such as being able to move chairs and operate the lights, they tend to: Psychology questions and answers. B. compared to 20 years ago, fewer love songs today are considered "sappy love songs" D. remains constant. 1970s, a movement within social psychology. What percent of women in Western countries change their last names to adopt their husbands last name when they marry? the tendency for people to assume that their faults are more common and widespread than they really are. -say that the last flip is more likely to be heads OR say that the last flip is more likely to be tails. B. self-aggrandizement In other words. However, the economic system of most of the world's nations are a combination of the ___ system and the ___ system Central planning, price The three . B. experience great difficulty. A. individualism Internal attribution involves explaining behavior in term of a person's personal characteristics, whereas external attribution involves explaining behavior in terms of a person's situation/circumstances. By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. C. Keith who lives in Oregon A. high; high They tend to guide our behavior when the attitudes are ones that we feel strongly about, when we are consciously aware of our attitudes, and when outside influences on our behavior are not strong. More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. What are the three types of social influence in regards to conformity? A. people in individualistic countries persist more when they are succeeding B. negatively The false uniqueness effect occurs when. How would you frame the issue here? C. we can overcome anything B. rage The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. illusory correlation. Shortage is caused by issues pertaining to real goods and. to underestimate the number of other. One's _____ makes up his/her _____. What is an example of impact bias? to underestimate the number of other. The idea that people project . . B. social comparison A. self-handicapping The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. Is this belief by millennials an example of the false uniqueness effect or false consensus effect? This was early evidence of the phenomenon known as. D. eventual self, According to Schwartz (2000; 2004), individualistic modern cultures have "an excess of freedom," which is positively correlated with: Working out daily will help you maintain good health. Similarly, instead of seeing two dogs, such people might see "a small tan animal with fur and a large brown object with its tongue hanging out." B. low self-esteem C. 50%; 50% According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, people are MOST likely to make internal attributions for others' behaviors when. Joe takes on his sister's view that all people from "up north" are snobs. One of your professors has apparently just lost his job. Polina is 3 years old. When researchers survey men and women about the number of sex partners they have had, they tend to find that men report far more partners than womenwhich would seem to be logically impossible. Although he has just slowed his vehicle to the speed limit, he considers himself the "only one on the road" who is obeying the speed limit. Andrew's belief demonstrates: Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future are called our: According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to _______ and our losses to _______. A. view others as superior Recently, Krueger and Clement (1997; see also Krueger, 1998) argued that the simple assumption that all respondents believe they are in the majority, regardless of true major-ity status, can account for both the false consensus effect and the uniqueness bias. D. slightly, Researchers reported a _______ correlation between persistence and self-efficacy. The covariation principle was proposed by Harold Kelley. When actually asked such questions, women more often experienced: C. self-centered B. raise; increase C. high self-efficacy D. explicit, An example of how social comparisons can actually breed misery, rather than satisfaction, is when we; B. the competitor as superior to us Social psychology is the study of people in a group. It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. B. better about their speech and appearance As described in the textbook, current theory and research suggests that humans may have evolved to have especially large and powerful brains largely in order to, When buying a new car, people tend to look at statistical information and case history information. D. traditionalists; progressives, A person's answer to the question "Who am I?" A. false consensus. C. learned helplessness This is very shocking to you. she makes an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. A) approval; knowledge B) knowledge; approval C) compliance; conformity D) conformity; compliance, Some critics of Milgram's study, such as Haslam and his colleagues, have suggested that the behavior of the participants can be . That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. According to Myers, the best term for this symptom is: Counterregulation occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure. and more. keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. B. low self-esteem I wouldn't have hit that stupid tree and ended up getting this huge ticket! Marshabecause of the simulation heuristic, Suppose that you are a landlord for an apartment building, and one of your tenants, Gus, has just paid his rent with a "bad check" (i.e., you tried to deposit his rent check in the bank, but the check "bounced" and was returned to you). C. the false consensus effect. D. it depends on what state they live in, When facing competition, we often protect our self-concept by perceiving: Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Touch is the most functional sense at birth. B. we are more vulnerable to depression D. large, non-competitive university, You attend a self-help discussion group, where the leader is encouraging people to think of themselves as the writers, directors, and actors of their own lives. D. other-centered, The extent to which we evaluate our abilities and opinions by comparing ourselves to others is called: Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. If you ask Raquel about her stocks, she makes self-serving attributions; she says: "I was very clever to invest in that first company, but I just had bad luck losing so much money with the other one." In other words, you have a __________ for what needs to be done at restaurants. D. lower; increase, People with high self-esteem and narcissism are _____. D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. Within the field of social cognition, the term "priming" refers to, Montana and Sarah are playing cards. The False Consensus Effect is a tendency to overestimate how much people agree with us. Chloe dyes her hair blue and goes to school. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Which of the following is true? Suls and Wan (1987) extend the motivational account and propose that false uniqueness can contribute to one's self esteem B. more negatively C. internal locus of control The group leader is hoping people will adopt a(n) _______ locus of control. D. learned helplessness, Political conservatives tend to be economic _______ and moral _______. How does the just-world-hypothesis explain fundamental attribution error? A. transparency B. audience C. spotlight D. halo, 2. Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. A. school performance participants made the fundamental attribution error for both types of essays. B. skill; chance A. specific; truthful B. the duration A. self-esteem Which of the following statements is true about the false uniqueness effect? You flip a coin ten times in a row. He plays golf, has a private stable with horses, owns a jet, and is thinking about buying an island. Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others than when alone. Compared to their performance when alone, when in the presence of others, they tend to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks and worse on complex or new ones. B. collectivistic Social psychologists would say that Mr. X is making __________ attributions for Bush's success, while Mr. Y is making __________ attributions.
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