is directly proportional to {\displaystyle A} Global daily statistics. scale, ordinal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have a distinct order but no numerical distance between their possible values (e.g., stage of cancer, I, II, III, or IV). epidemiology, applied the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems. The quantity of medicine or radiation administered per unit of time. cause of disease a factor (e.g., characteristic, behavior, or event) that directly influences the occurrence of a disease. Payday lending is an established form of lending in the US and Canada. spectrum of illness the range of manifestations a disease process can take (e.g., from asymptomatic to mild clinical illness to severe illness and death). Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. (since rate is 1/time). In statistics, the frequency and pattern of the values or categories of a variable. Retinopathy. environmental factor an extrinsic factor (e.g., geology, climate, insects, sanitation, or health services) that affects an agent and the opportunity for exposure. Despite the availability of vaccines, infection rates remain high due to immune evasive Omicron sublineages. Manages autoclave and cleaning instruments for Dermatology. hypothesis, null the supposition that two (or more) groups do not differ in the measure of interest (e.g., incidence or proportion exposed); the supposition that an exposure is not associated with the health condition under study, so that the risk ratio or odds ratio equals 1. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Cheers! An endemic disease with a high rate of infection, especially one affecting people of all ages equally. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. health information system a combination of health statistics from different sources. epidemiologic triad the traditional model of infectious disease causation having three components: an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together so that disease occurs. Home; infection; Synonyms for infection. Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. The rate at which electromagnetic energy is absorbed by a kilogram of tissue, usually expressed as the heat absorbed by the tissue, or as the power absorbed per unit of mass. . Solve Now. In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted Securing a medical care provision system. active surveillance see surveillance, active. proportionate mortality the proportion of deaths among a population attributable to a particular cause during a selected period. Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright 2013 by the Philip Lief Group. rates of prevalence. transmission, indirect transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host either by being suspended in air particles (airborne), carried by an inanimate objects (vehicleborne), or carried by an animate intermediary (vectorborne). 0 votes. Until the beginning of 2010, the worm had managed to crash 20% of Iran's functioning centrifuges for uranium enrichment, setting back the country's nuclear program with 2 years. sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). Sometimes distinguished from an epidemic as more localized, or the term less likely to evoke public panic (see also epidemic). A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. graph a visual display of quantitative data arranged on a system of coordinates. vector a living intermediary that carries an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission, biologic and transmission, mechanical) (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks). {\displaystyle \lambda } HIPAA the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, enacted in 1996, which addresses the privacy of a persons medical information as well as postemployment insurance and other health-related concerns. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. epidemiology the study of the distribution and determinants of health conditions or events among populations and the application of that study to control health problems. Usually, the cases are presumed to have a common cause or to be related to one another in some way. A analytic epidemiology see epidemiology, analytic. infestation taint, transmission contamination infection, transmission infection taint infectivity transmission poisoning transmission exposure transmission taint contagion infection, taint invasion infection Filters mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). The average age of someone with a breakthrough infection was 42, and it's notable that only one person was known to have a weakened immune system. cumulative frequency curve a plot of the cumulative frequency rather than the actual frequency for each class interval of a variable. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. frequency polygon a graph of a frequency distribution in which values of the variable are plotted on the horizontal axis, and the number of observations are plotted on the vertical axis. 1. the amount of a charge or payment with reference to some basis of calculation: a high rate of interest on loans. For COVID-19, symptoms appear 2-14 days after infection. transmission, biologic indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent undergoes biologic changes inside the vector as part of its life cycle before it is transmitted to the host (see also transmission, mechanical). The time it takes for someone with an infection to start showing symptoms. The exposure period can be brief or can extend over days, weeks, or longer, with the exposure being either intermittent or continuous. The speed at which the cells settle depends on how many red blood cells clump together. The key differences between two common pathogens. The findings come as the efficacy of. bar chart a visual display in which each category of a variable is represented by a bar or column bar charts are used to illustrate variations in size among categories. transmission, vectorborne transmission of an agent by a living intermediary (e.g., tick, mosquito, or flea); considered a type of indirect transmission. outbreak, common-source an outbreak that results from persons being exposed to the same harmful influence (e.g., an infectious agent or toxin). 3. skewed a distribution that is not symmetrical. proportion a ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator; the ratio of a part to the whole, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0 2), a fraction (1/5), or a percentage (20%). Isolation refers to separation of ill persons; quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons. . The rate of occurrence of positive test results in those who do not have the attribute or disease for which they are being tested. Synonym: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Recurrent. No, I disagree. attributable proportion see proportion, attributable. Usually, the cases are presumed to have a common cause or to be related to one another in some way (see also outbreak). infection rates. confidence limits the end points (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of a confidence. class limits the values at the upper and lower ends of a class interval. sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. table an arrangement of data in rows and columns. rates of hiv aids. sporadic an event that occurs infrequently and irregularly. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. antonyms. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! Synonym: Noninflammatory Retina Disease. NHANES The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, designed to (1) estimate the proportion of the US population and designated groups with selected disease and risk factors; (2) monitor trends in selected behaviors, exposures, and diseases; and (3) study the associations among diet, nutrition, and health. crude mortality rate see mortality rate, crude. virulence the ability of an infectious agent to cause severe disease, measured as the proportion of persons with the disease who become severely ill or die. rate of infection synonym Black&Red Black&Gold Black&Bluish purple Black&Purple Black&Black mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. 1 vote. The frequency with which a gene will be inherited or expressed by identical or fraternal twins. x-axis the horizontal axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the independent variable (e.g., time). Alexander COVID News-Dr. Paul Elias Alexander's Newsletter DEVASTATING Australian NSW data showing the quadrupled COVID mRNA vaccinated (4 shots) have massive spikes in hospitalization & death! dependent variable see variable, dependent. The fascinating story behind many people's favori Can you handle the (barometric) pressure? portal of exit a pathway by which an agent can leave its host. In epidemiology, does not imply intentional deviation. distribution in epidemiology, the frequency and pattern of health-related characteristics and events in a population. arithmetic-scale line graph see line graph, arithmetic-scale. These proportions are not mortality rates because, in proportionate mortality, the denominator is all deaths instead of the population among whom the deaths occurred. The code for attribution links is required. map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. That is to say, Organ transplant recipients had the highest rate of breakthrough infections. study, prospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled before the health outcome of interest has occurred. syndromic surveillance see surveillance, syndromic. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Another HCV infection after HCV cure most frequent in high risk takers, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? Rates Of Infection synonyms - 8 Words and Phrases for Rates Of Infection. alternative hypothesis see hypothesis, alternative. Seizure. is the average age of infection. rate [ rt] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. propagated outbreak see outbreak, propagated. y-axis the vertical axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the dependent variable (e.g., frequency number, proportion, or rate). host a person or other living organism that is susceptible to or harbors an infectious agent under natural conditions. Rate: An expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. I am not an alcoholic and I use to drink only on weekends. trend, secular changes occurring over a substantial period, generally years or decades. infection contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus See also: inflection, injection, infectious, infect Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus payday loan n. In this study, we used a spherically symmetric compartmental ODE model to track the HIV viral dynamics in the LN and predict the contribution of ongoing replication within the LN to the whole-body proviral pool in an ARV-suppressed . / demographic information personal characteristics of a person or group (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity, residence, and occupation) demographic information is used in descriptive epidemiology to characterize patients or populations. It did not take long, however, before the infection leaked out and copies of the worm began spreading all over the Internet, infecting 130,000 computers worldwide. Outbreak A sudden increase of a specific illness in a small area. study, analytic a study, usually observational, in which groups are compared to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. Synonyms for INFECTED: poisoned, septic, tainted, polluted, invaded, contaminated, spoilt, affected, afflicted, defiled, soiled, corrupted; Antonyms for INFECTED . Typically, for a case to be confirmed, a person must have a positive result from laboratory tests. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. Track the global spread of coronavirus with maps and updates on cases and deaths around the world. The metabolic rate as measured 12 hr after eating, after a restful sleep, with no exercise or activity preceding testing, with elimination of emotional excitement, and at a comfortable temperature. For a rate, the denominator is usually the midinterval population. Synonyms contamination, infection, corruption, pollution, taint symmetrical a type of distribution where the shapes to the right and left of the central location are the same. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. observational study see study, observational. birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. Infant mortality rate is a universally accepted indicator of the health of a nations population and the adequacy of its health-care system. incidence rates. Most HPV infections don't lead to cancer. The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. noun an act or fact of infecting; state of being infected. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage; I know that over some years, damage occurs, but does anything happen after a month of drinking on weekends? odds ratio a measure of association used in comparative studies, particularly case-control studies, that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome; also called the cross-product ratio. droplet spread the direct transmission of an infectious agent by means of the aerosols produced in sneezing, coughing, or talking that travel only a short distance before falling to the ground. contact, direct exposure or transmission of an agent from a source to a susceptible host through touching (e.g., from a human host by kissing, sexual intercourse, or skin-to-skin contact) or from touching an infected animal or contaminated soil or vegetation. record in a line listing, each row is a record or observation. Retinal Degeneration. notifiable disease a disease that, by law, must be reported to public health authorities upon diagnosis. No report of Peak expiratory flow rate decreased is found for people with Escherichia urinary tract infection. risk ratio a measure of association that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence proportions of two groups. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Usually, one variable represents a health outcome, and one represents an exposure or personal characteristic. {\displaystyle 1/A} Demonstrates appropriate hand washing techniques to ensure proper infection control and follows universal precautions. The distinction between the two is clear (now). rate (redirected from infection rate) Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Financial, Encyclopedia . case definition a set of uniformly applied criteria for determining whether a person should be identified as having a particular disease, injury, or other health condition. Antibiotic resistance is one of the leading issues in modern healthcare due to the inability to treat common infections with available antibiotics. In this situation, at a recurrence interval of 3 months (p = 0.011) and an, Comparison ofsimultaneous shunting to delayed shunting in infants with myelomeningocele in terms ofshunt, In the present study, there was no significant relationship between gender and, Conclusion: In conclusion, efficiency of disposable surgical drapes has not been demonstrated to lower infections rates in fact to the contrary we demonstrated increase in, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children. ratio the relative size of two quantities, calculated by dividing one quantity by the other. class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. measure of central location a central value that best represents a distribution of data. The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses an arithmetic scale. Synonyms disorder, problem, trouble, disease, upset, illness, sickness, ailment, affliction, malady, indisposition in the sense of contagion Definition a corrupting influence that tends to spread They have been reluctant to admit patients with the disease because of fears of contagion. cancer rates. antibody any of a variety of proteins in the blood that are produced in response to an antigen as an immune response. This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births. to estimate the value or worth of; appraise: to rate a student's class performance. This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births. infant mortality rate see mortality rate, infant. The midrange is usually calculated as an intermediate step in determining other measures. trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. study, cohort an observational analytic study in which enrollment is based on status of exposure to a certain factor or membership in a certain group. contagious capable of being transmitted from one person to another by contact or close proximity. suggest new. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. You can review and change the way we collect information below. The rate of becoming infected ( interquartile range a measure of spread representing the middle 50% of the observations, calculated as the difference between the third quartile (75th percentile) and the first quartile (25th percentile). Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. the population is growing at an alarming rate, he is the least appealing, to me at any rate, I don't know what happened, at any rate she didn't turn up, there is a reduced rate for children under 12. how do you rate his performance on a scale of one to ten? Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. ( ( , , . There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). Measures of spread used in epidemiology include the interquartile range, variance, and the standard deviation. https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infection+rate. You can complete the list of synonyms of infection rate given by the English Thesaurus dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster English-Synonyms dictionary : translate English words into Synonyms with online dictionaries. percentile a set of cut points used to divide a distribution or a set of ranked data into 100 parts of equal area with each interval between the points containing 1/100 or 1% of the observations. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. A immunity, herd the resistance to an infectious agent of an entire group or community (and, in particular, protection of susceptible persons) as a result of a substantial proportion of the population being immune to the agent. The class intervals of the variable are grouped on a linear scale on the horizontal axis, and the class frequencies are grouped on the vertical axis. neonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, neonatal. Rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease, Mathematical modelling of infectious disease, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Force_of_infection&oldid=1142548282, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 01:24. direct transmission see transmission, direct. rate of prevalence. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Infection Management & Environmental Plan, Infection Prevention & Control Department, Infection Surveillance and Control Program, Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. midrange the halfway point, or midpoint, in a set of observations. attack rate, secondary a measure of the frequency of new cases of a disease among the contacts of known patients. ITS THE MASS DEATH. if this or if that is the case; if this or if that continues. an infecting agency or influence. incidence rate a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occur, expressed explicitly per a time frame. contingency table a two-variable table of cross-tabulated data. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. Data Tracker Home Cases, Deaths, & Testing Case & Death Demographic Trends Vaccination Distribution & Coverage Vaccine Effectiveness & Breakthrough Surveillance Health Equity Pediatric Pregnancy People at Increased Risk Wastewater Surveillance Health Care Settings Social Impact & Prevention Variants & Genomic Surveillance Antibody Seroprevalence Post-COVID Conditions Traveler-Based Genomic .
Summer Lax Splash 2021,
Sami Folklore Creatures,
Adam Doueihi Daughter,
Articles R