Loftus & Palmer - Distortion of witness memory Theory/ies on which the study is based: • Schema theory proposes that memory is influenced by what an individual already knows, and that their use of past experience to deal with a new experience is a fundamental feature of the way the human mind works. Some is beneficial to society (e.g. +4. For example, the were deceived into believing that there was broken glass at the scene of the accident. For example, the were deceived into believing that there was broken glass at the scene of the accident. 0. Loftus and Palmer (1974) conducted a classic experiment to investigate the effect of leading questions on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Background. Loftus and Palmer proposed in 1974 after having obtained similar findings. Demand Characteristic: Sometimes during an experiment, a participant might pick up on some clue or bias from the researcher, the situation, or something about the experiment that gives the participant and idea of what type of response the researcher is looking for. a) A guard b) A prisoner c) A warden d) The chief superintendent View loftus and palmer copy by grace copy copy copy copy.docx from BUSINESS 2 SLP at Trident Technical College. It is further categorised into 'Weapons Focus and Factors Affecting Reconstruction. (20(September 23). distortion and the same concept can be applied to our results. Anxiety or stress is almost always associated with real life crimes of violence. There is no evidence to indicate that Loftus' students were informed of ethical guidelines regarding the use of children as research participants. So if you're doing Loftus and Palmer for the IA, read this post carefully. They could also suggest strategies to eradicate any issues highlighted by the participant's letter if the research was to be repeated (resource 1.1.3). #2. Photo: Mo Costandi. Resource 1.1.4 can then be extended to compare the research by Loftus and Palmer and that by Grant et al, by reading both letters and choosing which piece they would rather be in and why. When it comes to eyewitness testimony, Elizabeth Loftus is the person you really need to know about for your studies. 5. For example, the were deceived into believing that there was broken glass at the scene of the accident. Slight degree of deception but participants knew it was a test of memory. Eyewitness Testimony Essay 745 Words | 3 Pages. Loftus and Palmer (1974). Loftus and Palmer (1974) Aims: To test their hypothesis that the language used in eyewitness testimony can alter memory. Huck Finn: Judith Loftus Essay Example. Applied experiments are an area that demonstrates the challenges faced due to adhering to a code of ethics. The 1974 experiments by Loftus and Palmer in which they sought to answer their hypothesis that the wording of a question could have an effect on memory are examples of applied research. Loftus and palmer were investigating how information supplied after an event will influence a witness's memory of . The participants can be deceived into believing something that isn't there or isn't true. Deffenbacher (1983) reviewed 21 studies and found that the stress-performance relationship followed an inverted-U function proposed by the Yerkes Dodson Curve (1908). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. . Was Loftus and Palmer ethical? The videos showed staged crashes, because the clips were educational videos and there are ethical issues with showing real crashes. What was the ethical issue in the Loftus and Palmer study? LEADING QUESTIONS: A leading question is a question which, because of the way it is phrased, suggests a certain answer. This can distort the accuracy of the eyewitness' recall because they could imagine details that didn't happen in the event, just from a certain word or phrase in a question. The way the research was done did have implications for some of the participants. A highly controlled laboratory experiment, high design validity. The experiment was conducted ethically. Read More. Loftus et al., (1987) - Some Facts About "Weapon Focus", Journal of Law and Human Behaviour 11 (1), 55-62 . Focus on Research 'Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory', is a study by Loftus and Palmer (1974) that . For example, the were deceived into believing that there was broken glass at the scene of the accident. 26-35 year-olds were most accurate ( 77%) and the elderly (age 65+) group were the least accurate ( 56% ). Loftus & Palmer did not tell their participants the true aim of their research and therefore did not abide by the BPS Code of Ethics. Loftus and Palmer (1974) conducted a classic experiment to investigate the effect of leading questions on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Loftus and Palmer) Psychologists should be free to carry out whatever research is important to them because if governments start passing laws to prohibit certain kinds of research, then there is a danger that research will be stopped for political rather than for ethical reasons. Compare two studies you have learned about in criminological psychology in terms of ethical issues. principles and concepts: psychologists Approach 4: The Cognitive Approach 3: Classic Evidence Classic Evidence: Loftus and Demand Characteristics and Ethical Issues. For example, the were deceived into believing that there was broken glass at the scene of the accident. Loftus and Palmer (1974) and other researchers cited above extended this theory by providing evidence that after a memory representation has been formed, false information can alter the representation. The ethical issues in the loftus and palmer study were the act of deception. As a Ph.D. student, the young Elizabeth Loftus wasn't captivated by calculus: "I used to sit in the back of the seminars, kind of bored . In first interview, one pps said she couldn't remember the false event, so 6/24 = 25%. The Alleged Ethical Violations of Elizabeth Loftus in the Case of Jane Doe. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 6.2.5 (Ethical issues - BPS Guidelines) 6.3.1 (Classic study: Loftus & Palmer, 1974) 4.0 The student will: (predict, evaluate) 4.1 Evaluate post event information and weapon focus as influences on witness accuracy, Finally, Loftus and Palmer (1974) experiments were considered to show that ecological validity can still be maintained under control conditions but this can affect how participants answer the question. In this experiment they showed participants . While the study was high in cost to the ppt, Little Albert, who was subjected to psychological harm, arguably the contributions . Ethical considerations include deception . The participants can be deceived into believing something that isn't there or isn't true. Start studying Loftus & Palmer -ethical issues and social implications. But watch out, the "car crash study" can cause major accidents if you're not careful. 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